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Michel Onfray (; born 1 January 1959) is a contemporary French writer and philosopher who promotes hedonism, atheism, and anarchism.〔"He is a self-described hedonist, atheist, libertarian, and left-wing anarchist".((en) France, Media, Michel Onfray, A self labeled Anarchist Philosopher )〕 He is a highly prolific author on philosophy, having written more than 50 books.〔Complete list of works on the French Wikipedia page〕 He has gained notoriety for writing such works as ''Physiologie de Georges Palante, portrait d'un nietzchéen de gauche'', ''Politique du rebelle: traité de résistance et d'insoumission'', ''Traité d'athéologie: Physique de la métaphysique'' (translated into English as ''Atheist Manifesto: The Case Against Christianity, Judaism, and Islam''), ''La puissance d'exister'' and ''La sculpture de soi'' for which he won the annual Prix Médicis in 1993. His philosophy is mainly influenced by such thinkers as Nietzsche, Epicurus, the cynic and cyrenaic schools, French materialism, and individualist anarchism.〔Onfray says in an interview "L'individualisme anarchiste part de cette logique. Il célèbre les individualités...Dans cette période de libéralisme comme horizon indépassable, je persiste donc à plaider pour l'individu."(Interview des lecteurs : Michel Onfray Par Marion Rousset| 1er avril 2005 )〕 == Life == Born to a family of Norman farmers, Onfray was abandoned by his parents to an orphanage from age 10 to 14 (his mother had been abandoned to the same orphanage in her own youth). Overcoming these early hardships, Onfray graduated with a PhD in philosophy. He taught this subject to senior students at a technical high school in Caen between 1983 and 2002, before establishing what he and his supporters call the ''Université populaire de Caen'', proclaiming its foundation on a free-of-charge basis and on the manifesto written by Onfray in 2004 (''La communauté philosophique''). Onfray's ''Traité d'Athéologie'' "became the number one best-selling nonfiction book in France for months when it was published in the Spring of 2005 (the word 'atheologie' Onfray borrowed from Georges Bataille). This book repeated its popular French success in Italy, where it was published in September 2005 and quickly soared to number one on Italy's bestseller lists."〔 In the 2002 election, Onfray endorsed the French Revolutionary Communist League and its candidate for the French presidency, Olivier Besancenot. In 2007, he endorsed José Bové, but eventually voted for Olivier Besancenot, and conducted an interview with the future French President Nicolas Sarkozy, whom he declared was an "ideological enemy" for ''Philosophie Magazine''.〔Nicolas Sarkozy et Michel Onfray - CONFIDENCES ENTRE ENNEMIS http://www.philomag.com/article,dialogue,nicolas-sarkozy-et-michel-onfray-confidences-entre-ennemis,288.php〕 Onfray himself attributes the birth of philosophic communities such as the ''université populaire'' to the results of the French presidential election, 2002. His book ''Le crépuscule d'une idole : L'affabulation freudienne'' (''The Twilight of an Idol: The Freudian Confabulation''), published in 2010, has been the subject of considerable controversy in France because of its criticism of Freud. He recognizes Freud as a philosopher, but he brings attention to the considerable cost of Freud's treatments and casts doubts on the effectiveness of his methods.〔http://www.lexpress.fr/culture/livre/un-psychanalyste-reagit-au-crepuscule-d-une-idole-de-michel-onfray_886463.html〕 He is an atheist〔 and author of ''Atheist Manifesto''. In 2015, he published "Cosmos", the first book of a trilogy. Onfray considers ironically that it constitutes his "very first book".〔http://www.philomag.com/les-livres/lessai-du-mois/cosmos-une-ontologie-materialiste-11291〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Michel Onfray」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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